眼科用藥
目前門診中常用的ocular medications主要包括抗生素、類固醇、青光眼治療藥物、白內障相關藥物、人工淚液及抗過敏藥等。這些藥物直接作用于眼部表面，因此藥效快速而直接。大多數人在使用時不會有特殊反應，但敏感體質者可能會出現過敏、眼壓升高、氣喘或心跳不規則等全身性副作用，因此用藥需謹慎。
視覺器官是人體的重要感覺器官之一，在治療眼科疾病時應具備整體觀念。全身系統性疾病或遠離眼部的局部病灶都可能是引起眼病的原因；同樣，對眼病進行治療也可能影響到全身狀況。
由于存在血-眼屏障（如血房水屏障、血視網膜屏障），大多數有效的眼科藥物需要通過局部給藥的方式發揮作用。因此，在使用眼科用藥時，除了要嚴格掌握適應癥外，還應詳細了解藥物在眼部局部的作用動力學和藥效學特性，以實現合理用藥。
| 中文名稱 | 英文名稱 | CAS號 | 化學式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 阿尼芬凈 | Anidulafungin | 166663-25-8 | C58H73N7O17 |
| 阿可樂定 | para-aminoclonidine | 66711-21-5 | C9H10Cl2N4 |
| 阿卡他定 | alcaftadine | 147084-10-4 | C19H21N3O |
| 醋酸卡泊芬凈 | acetic acid;N-[(3S,6S,9S,11R,15S,18S,20S,21S,25S)-21-(2-aminoethylamino)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,25-trihydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide | 179463-17-3 | C56H96N10O19 |
| 米卡芬凈鈉 | micafungin sodium | 208538-73-2 | C56H70N9O23S*Na |
| 鹽酸安普樂定 | 2-[(4-amino-2,6-dichlorophenyl)imino]imidazolidine monohydrochloride | 73218-79-8 | C9H10Cl2N4*ClH |
| 鹽酸地匹福林 | dipivefrin hydrochloride | 64019-93-8 | C19H29NO5*ClH |
| 甲基纖維素 | Methylcellulose | 9004-67-5 | C20H38O11 |
| 溴莫尼定 | 5-bromo-6-(imidazolin-2-ylamino)-quinoxaline | 59803-98-4 | C11H10BrN5 |
| 溴芬酸鈉 | bromfenac | 91714-94-2 | C15H12BrNO3 |
| 普魯碘胺 | Prolonium iodide | 123-47-7 | C9H24I2N2O |
| 托吡卡胺 | tropicamide | 1508-75-4 | C17H20N2O2 |
| 地夸磷索 | P<sup>1</sup>,P<sup>4</sup>-di(uridine 5'-)tetraphosphate | 59985-21-6 | C18H26N4O23P4 |
| 地匹福林 | dipivefrin | 52365-63-6 | C19H29NO5 |
| 呋索碘銨 | 2-N,N-dimethylfurfurylamine methiodide | 541-64-0 | C8H14NO*I |
| 吡諾克辛鈉 | 1-Hydroxy-5-oxo-5H-pyrido[3,2-A]phenoxazine-3-carboxylic acid monosodium salt | 51410-30-1 | C16H8N2NaO5 |
| 吡諾克辛 | 1-hydroxy-5-oxo-5H-pyrido[3,2-a]-phenoxazine-3-carboxylic acid | 1043-21-6 | C16H8N2O5 |
| 卡泊芬凈 | N-[(3S,9S,11R,18S,20R,21R,24S,25S)-21-(2-aminoethylamino)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,25-trihydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide | 162808-62-0 | C52H88N10O15 |
| 二氟孕甾丁酯 | difluprednate | 23674-86-4 | C27H34F2O7 |
| 5-[3-(羧基甲氧基)苯基]-3-(4,5-二甲基-2-噻唑基)-2-(4-磺基苯基)-2H-四唑鎓內鹽 | MTS | 138169-43-4 | C20H17N5O6S2 |
| 17a-羥基-11b-羥基-3-氧代雄甾-1,4-二烯-17-甲酸氯甲酯 | Loteprednol | 129260-79-3 | C21H27ClO5 |
| (2-氨基-3-(4-溴苯甲酰)苯基)乙酸鈉 | Bromfenac Sodium Sesquihydrate | 120638-55-3 | C30H28Br2N2Na2O9 |
| —— | N-[(3S,6S,9S,11R,20R,21S,24S,25S)-21-(2-aminoethylamino)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,25-trihydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide | 162808-62-0 | C52H88N10O15 |
| —— | [5-[(1S,2S)-2-[(3S,9S,11R,18S,20R,21R,24S,25S,26S)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-3-oxopropyl]-11,20,21,25-tetrahydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-26-methyl-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-18-[[4-[5-(4-pentoxyphenyl)-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-6-yl]-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl] hydrogen sulfate | 235114-32-6 | C56H71N9O23S |
| —— | MK-0991 (Acetate);L-743872 (Acetate) | 179463-17-3 | C56H96N10O19 |
| —— | Copper citrate | 866-82-0 | C6H8Cu2O7+4 |
| —— | Caspo | 162808-62-0 | C52H88N10O15 |
| —— | N-[(3S,6S,9S,11R,15S,18S,20R,21S,24S,25S)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-21-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,25-trihydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexaazatricyclo[22.3.0.0^{9,13}]heptacosan-18-yl]-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide | 179463-17-3 | C52H88N10O15 |
| —— | acetic acid;N-[(3S,6S,9S,11R,15S,18S,20R,21S,24S,25S)-21-(2-aminoethylamino)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,25-trihydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide | 179463-17-3 | C56H96N10O19 |
| —— | Methyl cellulose | 9004-67-5 | C20H38O11 |
| —— | 1-[(4R,5S)-5-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-N(2)-(10,12-dimethyl-1-oxotetradecyl)-4-hydroxy-L-ornithine]-5-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-L-ornithine]-pneumocandin B0 | 162808-62-0 | C52H88N10O15 |
| —— | Caspofungin (Acetate) | 179463-17-3 | C56H96N10O19 |
| —— | acetic acid;(10S,12R)-N-[(3S,6S,9S,11R,15S,18S,20R,21S,24S,25S)-21-(2-aminoethylamino)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,25-trihydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide | 179463-17-3 | C56H96N10O19 |
| —— | Dicopper citrate | 866-82-0 | C6H4Cu2O7 |
| —— | Caspofungin | 162808-62-0 | C52H88N10O15 |
| —— | Duract | 120638-55-3 | C15H13BrNNaO4 |
| —— | acetic acid;(10R,12S)-N-[(3S,9S,11R,18S,20R,21R,24S,25S)-21-(2-aminoethylamino)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,25-trihydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide | 179463-17-3 | C56H96N10O19 |
| —— | N-[(6S,9S,11R,15S,18S,20R,21S,24S,25S)-21-(2-aminoethylamino)-3-[(1R)-3-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,25-trihydroxy-15-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-10,12-dimethyltetradecanamide | 162808-62-0 | C52H88N10O15 |
| —— | N-[(3S,9S,11R,15S,18S,20R,21R,24S,25S,26S)-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,21,25-tetrahydroxy-3,15-bis[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-26-methyl-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-4-[4-(4-pentoxyphenyl)phenyl]benzamide | 166663-25-8 | C58H73N7O17 |
| —— | cancidas | 162808-62-0 | C52H88N10O15 |
| —— | Glc2Me3Me4Me6Me(b1-4)b-Man1Me2Me3Me6Me | 9004-67-5 | C20H38O11 |
| —— | N-[6-[1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,21,25-tetrahydroxy-3,15-bis(1-hydroxyethyl)-26-methyl-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexazatricyclo[22.3.0.09,13]heptacosan-18-yl]-4-[4-(4-pentoxyphenyl)phenyl]benzamide | 166663-25-8 | C58H73N7O17 |
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