多烯類藥
多烯類抗真菌藥是臨床廣泛選用的一類抗生素，主要用于治療真菌感染。這類藥物的作用機制在于與真菌細胞膜中的麥角固醇結合，干擾代謝過程，并增加細胞膜的通透性，最終導致細胞死亡。
按照結構不同，多烯類抗真菌藥可以分為以下幾類：
- 多烯大環類抗生素
- 鏈狀多烯類
- 核苷類
- 其他非烯類
此外，還包含一些通過化學方法合成的抗真菌化合物。這些化合物與臨床上常用的抗真菌藥物在化學結構上完全不同。
| 中文名稱 | 英文名稱 | CAS號 | 化學式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 金褐霉素 | Aureofuscin | 58194-38-0 | C16H19N5O9 |
| 美帕曲星 | Methyl (19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,7,9,13,37-heptahydroxy-17-[5-hydroxy-7-[4-(methylamino)phenyl]-7-oxoheptan-2-yl]-18-methyl-11,15-dioxo-16,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylate | 11121-32-7 | C60H88N2O19 |
| 福司曲星 | 87860-39-7 | C19H27NaO9P | |
| 曲古霉素 | Trichomycin | 1394-02-1 | C116H168N4O36 |
| 夫沙芬凈 | Fusafungine | 1393-87-9 | C33H57N3O9 |
| 制霉菌素 | nystatin | 34786-70-4 | C47H75NO17 |
| 制霉菌素 | 33-(4-Amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| 兩性霉素B | (1R,3S,5R,6R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-(4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 30652-87-0 | C47H73NO17 |
| 兩性霉素B | AmBisome | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
| —— | Pharmakon1600-01500122 | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
| —— | nystatine A1 | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (1S,15S,17R,18S,19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-Amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (1S,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-(4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (1S,3R,4R,7R,11R,15S,16S,17R,18S,19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-[(2R,3S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (1R,3R,5S,6S,9S,11S,15S,16S,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-[(3R,4R,5R,6S)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
| —— | (1S,3R,4R,7R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,36R,37S)-33-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | Mepartricin | 11121-32-7 | C60H88N2O19 |
| —— | Nystatin (Fungicidin) | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (1S,3S,5R,6R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
| —— | (1S)-33-(4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (1R,35R)-33-(4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
| —— | Fostriecin | 87860-39-7 | C19H26O9P*Na |
| —— | nystatin A<sub>1</sub> | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | amphotericin B | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
| —— | (15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,37S)-33-[(4R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
| —— | (1R,15R,16S,17S,18R,19E,21Z,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (18S,19R,21S,35S)-3-[[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxanyl]oxy]-19,25,27,29,32,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10,14,16-hexaene-38-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | (1S,3R,4R,7R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,33R,36R,37S)-33-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | nystatin A1 | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | Nystatin A1 | 34786-70-4 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | nystatin | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
| —— | Ambisome | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
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