甜味劑
甜味劑簡介
甜味劑是一種能夠提供甜味但熱量較低的食品添加劑。它們廣泛用于食品加工、飲料制造以及個人護理產品中，作為糖的替代品來滿足人們對甜食的需求同時減少熱量攝入。
常見類型的甜味劑及其特點：-
天然甜味劑：
- 蔗糖素：來源于植物如甜葉菊。
- 麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇等多元醇類，這些是從水果和谷物中提取的天然成分。
-
人工合成甜味劑（非營養型）：
- 甜蜜素：一種合成的有機化合物，具有很高的甜度但不提供熱量。
- 阿斯巴甜：由天冬氨酸和苯丙氨酸衍生物組成，甜度是蔗糖的200倍。
-
天然來源的非營養型甜味劑：
- 天然阿力甜甜素（NAT）：來源于某些植物中的代謝產物。
- 飲料和糖果制造
- 茶葉、果醬等食品加工
- 醫藥和個人護理產品
盡管甜味劑在提供低熱量或無糖選擇方面具有顯著優勢，但它們的安全性仍存在爭議。長期攝入高劑量的某些人工合成甜味劑可能對健康產生不利影響，包括潛在增加糖尿病、肥胖等風險。
發展趨勢：隨著消費者對健康意識增強以及追求更加自然和健康的飲食習慣，天然來源的甜味劑越來越受到青睞。同時，不斷有新的研發進展旨在開發更多功能性、安全且口感優秀的新型甜味劑產品。
| 中文名稱 | 英文名稱 | CAS號 | 化學式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 阿斯巴甜 | L-Asp-L-Phe-OMe | 22839-47-0 | C14H18N2O5 |
| 蔗果五糖 | 1-fructofuranosylnystose | 59432-60-9 | C30H52O26 |
| 萊苞迪甙D | rebaudioside D | 63279-13-0 | C50H80O28 |
| 羅漢果糖苷 V | mogroside V | 88901-36-4 | C60H102O29 |
| 紐甜 | neotame | 165450-17-9 | C20H30N2O5 |
| 糖精鉀 | 10332-51-1 | C7H5KNO3S | |
| 糖精鈣 | 6485-34-3 | C7H5CaNO3S | |
| 甜蜜素 | Sodium Cyclamate, analytical standard | 139-05-9 | C6H13NNaO3S |
| 甜菊糖 | stevioside | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| 甘草酸鈉鹽 | Trisodium Glycyrrhizinate Hydrate | 56649-78-6 | C42H62NaO16 |
| 甘草酸鈉 | Disodium glycyrrhizinate | 71277-79-7 | C42H59Na2O16- |
| 甘草次酸 | enoxolone | 471-53-4 | C30H46O4 |
| 瑞鮑迪甙M | rebaudioside M | 1220616-44-3 | C56H90O33 |
| 果聚糖(沙雷氏菌屬) | (2R,3S,4S,5S)-5-{[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-5-({[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol | 9013-95-0 | C18H32O16 |
| 帕拉金糖 | 6-α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-fructofuranose | 497-84-7 | C12H22O11 |
| 山梨醇 | D-sorbitol | 50-70-4 | C6H14O6 |
| 安賽蜜 | 55589-62-3 | C4H5KNO4S | |
| 安賽蜜 | acetosulfam | 33665-90-6 | C4H5NO4S |
| 奇跡蛋白 | Thaumatin | 53850-34-3 | C19H29N3O3S |
| ω-芐基苯乙酮 | dihydrochalcone | 1083-30-3 | C15H14O |
| L-天門冬酰-N-(2,2,4,4-四甲基-3-硫雜環丁基)-D-丙氨酰胺 | alitame | 80863-62-3 | C14H25N3O4S |
| D-阿洛酮糖 | D-psicose | 551-68-8 | C6H12O6 |
| 2-己酮醣 | fructose | 87-79-6 | C6H12O6 |
| 2-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)丙酸 | 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propanoic acid | 13794-15-5 | C10H12O4 |
| —— | stevioside | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | Mogroside V | 88901-36-4 | C60H102O29 |
| —— | [(2S,4S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13R)-13-[(2R,3R,4S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | Pharmakon1600-01506104 | 55589-62-3 | C4H5KNO4S+ |
| —— | Alitame hydrate | 99016-42-9 | C28H60N6O13S2 |
| —— | 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-one | 8013-17-0 | C12H24O12 |
| —— | Calcium saccharin | 6381-91-5 | C14H8CaN2O6S2 |
| —— | Rebaudioside D | 63279-13-0 | C50H80O28 |
| —— | [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4S,5R,9S,10R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4S,5R,9S,10R,13R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1S,4S,5R,9S,10R)-13-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | [(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,10R,13S)-13-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol;(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol | 8013-17-0 | C12H24O12 |
| —— | [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,4S,5R,9S,10R,13S)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | [(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13S)-13-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (9R,10S,13S)-13-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1S,5R,9R,13S)-13-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | Levan | 9013-95-0 | C18H32O16 |
| —— | Asugryn | 139-05-9 | C6H13NNaO3S+ |
| —— | Stevioside,(S) | 57817-89-7 | C38H60O18 |
| —— | potassium saccharinate | 10332-51-1 | C7H4NO3S*K |
| —— | glycero-hexitol | 50-70-4 | C6H14O6 |
| —— | Glycyrrhetic acid | 471-53-4 | C30H46O4 |
| —— | 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid | 471-53-4 | C30H46O4 |
| —— | sodium cyclamate | 139-05-9 | C6H12NO3S*Na |
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