營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化劑是指在食品加工過程中加入的天然或合成物質(zhì),旨在補(bǔ)充或增加食品中的特定營養(yǎng)成分,從而提高其營養(yǎng)價(jià)值和滿足人體對(duì)某些微量營養(yǎng)素的需求。這些添加劑通常包括維生素、礦物質(zhì)以及其他對(duì)人體健康有益的成分。
1. 功能與應(yīng)用營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化劑按照來源可以分為天然和合成兩大類:
營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化劑的安全性和有效性受到多個(gè)國家和地區(qū)食品安全法規(guī)的嚴(yán)格監(jiān)控。在使用前需經(jīng)過毒理學(xué)測(cè)試以確保其對(duì)人體無害,并且添加量要符合規(guī)定的上限標(biāo)準(zhǔn),避免過量攝入帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
綜上所述,通過合理利用營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化劑技術(shù)可以有效改善食品營養(yǎng)價(jià)值,促進(jìn)公眾健康。
| 中文名稱 | 英文名稱 | CAS號(hào) | 化學(xué)式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 蝦青素 | (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin | 472-61-7 | C40H52O4 |
| 葡萄糖酸錳 | Manganese(2+);2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate | 6485-39-8 | C12H22MnO14 |
| 蘋果酸鎂 | 869-06-7 | C4H6MgO5 | |
| 蘋果酸鎂 | magnesium malate | 869-06-7 | C4H4O5*Mg |
| 蘋果酸鈣 | Butanedioic acid, hydroxy-, calcium salt | 17482-42-7 | C4H6CaO5 |
| 胍基乙酸 | guanidineacetic acid | 352-97-6 | C3H7N3O2 |
| 磷酸肌肉醇 | Aplodan | 6903-79-3 | C4H12N3O4P |
| 鹽酸硫胺 | Thiamine hydrochloride | 67-03-8 | C12H17N4OS*ClH*Cl |
| 牛磺酸 | Tau | 107-35-7 | C2H7NO3S |
| 氫蘋果酸鈣 | L-malic acid ; calcium-L malate | 816-67-1 | C4H4O5*Ca |
| 果糖硼酸鈣 | Calcium fructoborate | 250141-42-5 | C24H40B2CaO24 |
| 尾,尾-Carotene-4,4'-dione,3,3'-dihydroxy-,(3S,3'S)-neoU-(9CI) | (3R,3'R)-asataxanthin | 472-61-7 | C40H52O4 |
| 尾,尾-Carotene-4,4'-dione,3,3'-dihydroxy-,(3S,3'S)-neoU-(9CI) | Astaxantina | 472-61-7 | C40H52O4 |
| 吡哆醇鹽酸鹽 | pyridoxal hydrochloride | 58-56-0 | C8H12NO3*Cl |
| 吡哆素二棕櫚酸酯 | pyridoxine dipalmitate | 31229-74-0 | C40H71NO5 |
| 十八烷-9,12,15-三烯酸 | 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid | 1955-33-5 | C18H30O2 |
| 共軛亞油酸 | 9,11-octadecadienoic acid | 1839-11-8 | C18H32O2 |
| 乳酸鋅 | Zinc, bis[2-(hydroxy-kappaO)propanoato-kappaO]-, (T-4)- | 63179-81-7 | C6H10O6Zn |
| Γ-十八碳三烯酸 | (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9-12,15-trienoic acid | 463-40-1 | C18H30O2 |
| beta,epsilon-胡羅卜素 | alpha-carotene | 432-70-2 | C40H56 |
| alpha-胡蘿卜素 | (6'R)-β,ε-carotene | 7488-99-5 | C40H56 |
| L-賴氨酸L-天門冬氨酸 | Lysine aspartate | 27348-32-9 | C10H21N3O6 |
| L-抗壞血酸棕櫚酸酯 | Ascorbyl palmitate | 137-66-6 | C22H38O7 |
| D-gamma-生育酚 | gamma-tocopherol | 54-28-4 | C28H48O2 |
| 5-脫氮黃素 | 5-deazaflavin | 26908-38-3 | C11H7N3O2 |
| 3,4-二氫-2,7,8-三甲基-2-(4,8,12-三甲基十三烷)-2H-1-苯并吡喃-6-醇 | γ-tocopherol | 7616-22-0 | C28H48O2 |
| 2-羥基-1,2,3-丙三酸鈣鹽與羥基丁二酸鈣鹽的混合物 | Unii-4bbs3A53GJ | 142606-53-9 | C16H14Ca4O19 |
| —— | Calcium citrate malate | 159771-97-8 | C24H34Ca6O35 |
| —— | zinc lactate | 16039-53-5 | C3H5O3Zn |
| —— | ascorbyl palmitate | 137-66-6 | C22H38O7 |
| —— | chromium;pyridine-3-carboxylate | 64452-96-6 | C6H4CrNO2- |
| —— | ChromaTech | 64452-96-6 | C18H12CrN3O6 |
| —— | 6757-06-8 | C9H14N3NaO8P | |
| —— | Pyridoxine dipalmitate | 31229-74-0 | C38H67NO5 |
| —— | hemin | 13496-05-4 | C34H32ClFeN4O4 |
| —— | cytidine-5'-monophosphate disodium salt | 6757-06-8 | C9H12N3O8P*2Na |
| —— | ascorbyl palmitate | 137-66-6 | C22H38O7 |
| —— | α-carotene | 432-70-2 | C40H56 |
| —— | manganese(2+);(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate | 6485-39-8 | C12H22MnO14 |
| —— | manganese;(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid | 6485-39-8 | C12H24MnO14 |
| —— | 3-[18-(2-carboxylatoethyl)-8,13-bis(ethenyl)-3,7,12,17-tetramethyl-23H-porphyrin-21-id-2-yl]propanoate;iron(3+);hydrochloride | 16009-13-5 | C34H32ClFeN4O4 |
| —— | 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-[3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]cyclohexene | 7488-99-5 | C40H56 |